The+Digestive+System

media type="youtube" key="IEyU-3OpE-A" height="315" width="560"media type="youtube" key="IEyU-3OpE-A" height="315" width="560"By Daniel Diaz

What is the Digestive system? The human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that processes food. In order to use the food we eat, our body has to break the food down into smaller molecules that it can process; it also has to excrete waste. Most of the digestive organs (like the stomach and intestines) are tube-like and contain the food as it makes its way through the body. The digestive system is essentially a long, twisting tube that runs from the mouth to the anus, plus a few other organs (like the liver and pancreas) that produce or store digestive chemicals. The Digestive Process: The start of the process - the mouth: The digestive process begins in the mouth. Food is partly broken down by the process of chewing and by the chemical action of salivary enzymes (these enzymes are produced by the salivary glands and break down starches into smaller molecules). On the way to the stomach: the esophagus - After being chewed and swallowed, the food enters the esophagus. The esophagus is a long tube that runs from the mouth to the stomach. It uses rhythmic, wave-like muscle movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach. This muscle movement gives us the ability to eat or drink even when we're upside-down. In the stomach - The stomach is a large, sack-like organ that churns the food and bathes it in a very strong acid (gastric acid). Food in the stomach that is partly digested and mixed with stomach acids is called chyme. In the small intestine - After being in the stomach, food enters the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. It then enters the jejunum and then the ileum (the final part of the small intestine). In the small intestine, bile (produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder), pancreatic enzymes, and other digestive enzymes produced by the inner wall of the small intestine help in the breakdown of food. In the large intestine - After passing through the small intestine, food passes into the large intestine. In the large intestine, some of the water and electrolytes (chemicals like sodium) are removed from the food. Many microbes (bacteria like Bacteroides, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella) in the large intestine help in the digestion process. The first part of the large intestine is called the cecum (the appendix is connected to the cecum). Food then travels upward in the ascending colon. The food travels across the abdomen in the transverse colon, goes back down the other side of the body in the descending colon, and then through the sigmoid colon. The end of the process - Solidwaste is then stored in the rectum until it is excreted via the anus. Videos @: 1. [] 2. [] 3. [] Gastritis By: David Yonker Gastritis is the inflammation of the interior lining of the stomach. The most common causes for a person to have this digestive disease are that the person consumes very large quantities of alcohol or a lot of anti-inflammatory pills. Interestingly, a large majority of people with gastritis do not even feel it at all although if the person does feel it they usually feel nausea, vomiting, belching, bloating, feeling full after only a few bites of food, loss of appetite, and unexplained weight loss.There are four types of gastritis; acute which is caused by mucosual erosian in the lining of the stomach, chronic which means that the body does not have the defenses, metaplasia which means that the gastric glands are severly malfuntioning, and helicobacter pyilori which consists of some allergic disorders in the stomach caused by alchol-full beverages and pills. Helicobacter pyilori is the most common variation and it affects more than half of the people that have gastritis. Gastritis is a disease to which it is fairly easy to figure out whether a person has it or not with many different ways to do it including X-rays and even blood and urine tests. Thsis disease fortunately does not claim many lives in the world but still can be a pain for the person who has chronic gastritis. The majority of gastritis cases happen in developed countries with aspirins and cheap alcohol such as the United States, Great Britain, and Germany. I though that researching this project was tons of fun even thoguh it was so short and I hope you can assign us more projects like these in the future.

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alvaro jaramillo

 [|Food Poisoning] (This is a medical webpage with further explanation of the bacterias and parasites) Food poisoning is a very common sickness that people get because one eats an infected or contaminated food that has been affected by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or under prepared foods that can cause unwellnes and the effects range from curable within the days, to mortal. The symptoms of food poisoning are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and fever. The main viruses that have these implications are: Noroviruses, which are a group of viruses that cause a mild illness and cause diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and a headache. There is also Rotavirus, which is a virus that causes medium to high/severe illness, and causes watery diarrhea and vomiting with high fever. It is passed by sharing food or sharing play areas and is most likely to affect people with bad immune systems, little kids, or elders. Hepatitis A is also a bacteria that strikes these symptoms, with the yellowing of the colors and skin, vomiting, stomach pains, and loss of appetite. [Check out this video with many statistics and great facts like the incubation period for the virus of Hepatitis A] The bacterias that can cause this sickness are: salmonella, which causes headaches, vomiting, crampy diarrhea, and after you get it if you get cured from it it can reveal itself again in the pain of the joints, or arthritis, specially in elders and weak people with poor immune systems. It can be curable within the days but can also be mortal, and is transmitted through undercooked poultry, eggs, or seafood. Campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of food sickness, and is mild and causes vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. It is also transmitted by undercooked foods. All these causes and food poisoning in general can be cured with drinking many fluids, but if the bacteria and parasites pass on to other parts apart from the intestines, you might need antibacterials. 

Diabetes By: Jorge Rojas Diabetes is an illness that comes when the subject has high blood pressure; it has 2 types of sickness, has lots of symptoms although they might not be present, it can damage one’s eyes and other vital parts of the body, but can be prevented if one takes care of oneself. Diabetes starts when one has high glucose in the blood, and the consequences of the illness can do a very harmful effect on the subject. There are two types of diabetes there is type #1 and type #2. Diabetes #1 is the type of diabetes that makes your body stop producing insulin; this is a very important substance to the human body. Diabetes #2 is the type that makes your body stop producing insulin or it makes the human body not use and produce it well, this type of diabetes is the most common one. Pregnant women can also get diabetes it is called gestational diabetes. Symptoms of diabetes include: Thirst, constant urine, feel very tired, have a blurred vision, have urinary and skin infections, and their wounds heal slowly. There are also some people who have the risk of getting diabetes these people can be: people who are overweight, who don’t exercise, who are 40 years or older, who have diabetes in the family genes, and who are from any pacific island; women can also be in risk if they have: had a diabetes pregnancy, and have had large babies. Diabetes not only stops the production of insulin but it also damages vital organs like the eyes, the kidneys, and the nerves to name a few. Prevention can be possible when one takes a healthy diet with a balance between foods; the subject must also quit smoking because it is a very high risk factor in diabetes; if one drinks alcohol and is diagnosed with diabetes one must drink one cup a day, if one is a woman, and two cups a day if one is a man. Diabetics must take their medicines moderately and carefully. This sickness is very interesting but one must be careful of it for it can take one’s life. Links: 1.http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/diabetes.html 2.https://www.healthed.govt.nz/resource/keeping-well-diabetes-english-version 3.http://www.hormone.org/Diabetes/lifestyle.cfm

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media type="youtube" key="QRVaryEQOVk" height="315" width="560" These three videos are really intresting, the first one is about Diabetis a well as the third one, the second one is about the process of digestion.